Pediculus humanus capitis Infestation Among Primary School Children in Van Province, Türkiye

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Pediculus humanus capitis infestation among primary school students in the Başkale town of Van Province and to evaluate associated demographic and behavioral factors.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2018 among 530 students from four primary schools. Hair and scalp examinations were performed visually; suspicious samples were confirmed microscopically. Sociodemographic and hygiene-related data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of head lice infestation was 3.8% (20/530). Infestation was significantly higher among girls (6.8%) compared with boys (1.5%) (p=0.003). The highest prevalence occurred among third-grade students (12.2%). Medium (6.2%) and long hair (5.7%) were associated with significantly higher infestation rates (p=0.005). Wavy and curly hair demonstrated a higher tendency for infestation, although the association was not statistically significant. Larger household size (4-7 individuals) showed a noticeable clustering of cases.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence in Başkale was lower than many national and international figures, head lice infestation remains a relevant public-health issue. Female sex, younger age, longer hair, and crowded households were identified as key risk factors. School-based screening, parental education, and early detection programs are recommended to reduce transmission.